Unit 7 Study Guide

1.  According to scientific evidence, the Earth is about _____________ years old.

2.  Earth is the only planet known to have liquid _________ which covers about _______ of its surface.

3.  Earth is the only planet known to have ____________.

4.  Earth is protected from solar radiation by an atmosphere of ________________ and              _______________.

5.  Day and night is caused by ____________________________________________________________.

6.  Seasons and the changing length of the days are caused by ______________________ and                 _______________________.

7.  When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun it is __________ in the Northern    Hemisphere, and ____________ in the Southern Hemisphere.  When the Southern Hemisphere                is tilted toward the sun it is ____________ in the Northern Hemisphere, and _____________        and the Southern Hemisphere.

8.  Solstice means _____________________________________________________________________.

9.  The winter solstice occurs during the month of ____________, when we have the __________       amount of daylight of the year.

10.  The summer solstice occurs during the month of ____________, when we have the __________                 amount of daylight of the year.
11.  Equinox means_____________________________________________________________________.

12.  The vernal (spring) equinox occurs during ______________.

13.  The autumn (fall) equinox occurs during _______________.

14.  Draw the Earth in 4 positions around the sun and label the 4 seasons, equinoxes, and solstices.

15.  Rotation means ___________________________________________________________________.

16.  The period of rotation equals one ____________ on Earth, or __________ hours.

17.  Revolution means___________________________________.

18.  The period of revolution equals one ______________ on Earth, which equals ________ days.

19.  Earth’s moon is a ________________ ________________.

20.  The moon goes through its phases from one new moon to the next in about _____________ days.

21.  The moon’s rotation and revolution are the same, about __________ days.

22.  Tides are caused by the _____________________________________________________________.

                When the Earth, moon, and sun line up in order, we have _____________ high tides called       ______________ tides.  This occurs at the _______________ and _______________ moons.     Neap tides occur at the __________________ moons.

23.  Phases of the Moon List the 8 phases of the moon in order.  Draw a picture of each phase that          correctly shows how much of the moon’s light you see.

                1.                                            2.                                            3.                                            4.

                5.                                            6.                                            7.                                            8.

24.  The umbra is the __________________________________________________________________.

25.  The penumbra is the _______________________________________________________________.

26.  Draw a picture of a solar eclipse and the parts of the shadows.

27.  The moon during a solar eclipse is a __________________.

28.  What is the silly saying you use to remember the line up order during a solar               eclipse?________________________________________________________________________

29.  Draw a picture of a lunar eclipse and the parts of the shadows.

30.  The moon during a lunar eclipse is a __________________.

31.  What is the silly saying you use to remember the line up order during a lunar eclipse?

32.  The asteroid belt is located between ________________________ and _______________________.

33.  List the planets in order beginning with the closest to the sun.

34.  The orbits of the planets are shaped like an _____________ discovered by _______________.

35.  The planet known as the red planet is ______________.

36.  The planet with a large storm known as the Great Red Spot is _____________________.

37.  A comet is a ball of _________________ and __________________ that comes from the________ _________________.  The tail of a comet always points ___________ from the sun    due to the ___________________.

38.  The planet closest to the sun is __________________.

39.  The planet farthest from the sun is (not Pluto) ____________.

40.  The largest planet is _______________.

41.  A shooting or falling star is a ________________.

42.  The planet that has the greatest number of moon is _______________.

43.  Planets are kept in orbit due to the interaction of ____________ and ____________.

45.  The country to first send a satellite into orbit was the ______________ ________________.

46.  The name of the satellite was called _________________.

47.  The first man to go into outer space was __________________.  He was from the _________        _____________.

48.  The first three astronauts to travel to the moon were from the _____________ ________________.

49.  __________________ was the first man to step on the moon. 

50.  ______________________ and ____________________ were also on his flight.

51.  There are _________________ satellites that help predict hurricanes and other storms, and            ___________ satellites that help ships to know their position on the sea?

52.  A spacecraft sent beyond Earth’s orbit to collect information is a __________________.

54.  In 1958, the first satellite launched by the United States was the __________________.

55.  In the 1970’s, the United States launched the space station ______________.